{"id":770,"date":"2012-08-09T15:33:49","date_gmt":"2012-08-09T15:33:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vtjuryinstructions.org\/?page_id=770"},"modified":"2012-08-09T15:33:49","modified_gmt":"2012-08-09T15:33:49","slug":"embezzlement","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vtjuryinstructions.org\/?page_id=770","title":{"rendered":"Embezzlement"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li>CR26-201.\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vtjuryinstructions.org\/criminal\/MS26-201.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Embezzlement (Officer or Agent of Company)<\/a>, 13 V.S.A. \u00a7 2531 (11\/09\/07)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Reporter&#8217;s Note<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Vermont Supreme Court has recently reinterpreted the embezzlement statute, 13 V.S.A. \u00a7 2531, in the three companion cases <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">State v. Willard-Freckleton<\/span>, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">State v. Tanner<\/span>, and <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">State v. Orfanidis<\/span>, 2007 VT 67, 183 Vt. 26.\u00a0 Previously the Court had defined embezzlement as \u201cthe fraudulent conversion of the property of another by one who is already in lawful possession of it.\u201d\u00a0 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">State v. Ward<\/span>, 151 Vt. 448 (1989).\u00a0 It was not embezzlement when Mr. Ward took money out of his employer\u2019s cash drawer, because the money was in the constructive possession of the owner.\u00a0 Also see <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">State v. Rathburn<\/span>, 140 Vt. 382 (1981).\u00a0 The new case recognizes the significance of language in the statute to the effect that the money could be in defendant\u2019s possession, or it could be \u201cunder his [or her] care,\u201d by virtue of his or her employment.\u00a0 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Willard-Freckleton<\/span>, 2007 VT 67, \u00b6 10.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The instruction minimizes any emphasis on the type of organization, based on the Supreme Court\u2019s observation that the statutory list exhausts the universe of possible principals.\u00a0 The precise status of the principal \u201cis a technical distinction that is not an essential element of the crime.\u201d\u00a0 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">State v. Joy<\/span>, 149 Vt. 607, 616 (1988).\u00a0 Based on <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Willard-Freckleton<\/span>, the committee has amended the instruction to apply when the defendant has \u201ccare\u201d of the money but not necessarily \u201cpossession.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CR26-201.\u00a0 Embezzlement (Officer or Agent of Company), 13 V.S.A. \u00a7 2531 (11\/09\/07) Reporter&#8217;s Note The Vermont Supreme Court has recently reinterpreted the embezzlement statute, 13 V.S.A. \u00a7 2531, in the three companion cases State v. Willard-Freckleton, State v. Tanner, and &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/vtjuryinstructions.org\/?page_id=770\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":460,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-770","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vtjuryinstructions.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/770","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vtjuryinstructions.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vtjuryinstructions.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vtjuryinstructions.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vtjuryinstructions.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=770"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vtjuryinstructions.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/770\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":771,"href":"https:\/\/vtjuryinstructions.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/770\/revisions\/771"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vtjuryinstructions.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/460"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vtjuryinstructions.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=770"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}